Comparison of immunocytochemical sensitivity between formalin-fixed and alcohol-fixed specimens reveals the diagnostic value of alcohol-fixed cytocentrifuged preparations in malignant effusion cytology.

Author(s): Ikeda K, Tate G, Suzuki T, Mitsuya T

Publication: Am J Clin Pathol, 2011, Vol. 136, Page 934-42

PubMed ID: 22095380 PubMed Review Paper? No

Purpose of Paper

Conclusion of Paper

Studies

1. Study Purpose

   The purpose of this study was to compare ICC staining in cytocentrifuged alcohol-fixed specimens and formalin-fixed cell blocks from malignant effusions and to determine the effects of antigen retrieval. Malignant effusion smears were fixed in 95% ethanol and papanicolaou-stained before being transferred to slides and immunostained. The remainder of the effusion cells were fixed in 20% formalin, paraffin-embedded, and sectioned for immunostaining. The malignant effusions came from more than 10 tissue sources.

   Summary of Findings:

   The ICC sensitivities for RM and adenocarcinoma were comparable for most antibodies in CB and cytocentrifuged specimens, but sensitivity for DMM showed little correlation between cytocentrifuged and CB specimens. Without antigen retrieval, the sensitivity of WT1 for RM in cytocentrifuged specimens was 2%, but using HIAR the sensitivity of WT1 in cytocentrifuged specimens increased to 45%, but that was still lower than the 77% found in CB specimens. Calretinin sensitivity for RM was similar in cytocentrifuged and CB specimens when only cytoplasm was evaluated (92% and 96%, respectively) but decreased to 26% in the cyocentrifuged specimens when only the nucleus was considered. Sensitivity of TTF-1 increased from 57% in cytocentrifuged specimens without HIAR to 74% with HIAR and was 75% in CB specimens. The authors report a strong association of staining for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), glucose transporter protein-1 (GLUT-1), adenocarcinoma-associated markers epithelial antigen (Ber-EP4), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Leu-M1, calretinin, D2-40, mesothelial cell (HBME-1), and desmin staining in CB and cytocentrifuged specimens.

   Biospecimens

   • Cell - Pericardial Fluid
   • Cell - Peritoneal Fluid
   • Cell - Pleural Fluid
   • Cell - Lung
   • Cell - Stomach
   • Cell - Ovary
   • Cell - Other
   • Cell - Colorectal
   • Cell - Breast
   • Cell - Gall Bladder
   • Cell - Bile
   • Cell - Pancreas
   • Cell - Lymph Node
   • Cell - Uterus

   Preservative Types

   • Formalin
   • Ethanol

   Diagnoses:

   • Neoplastic - Carcinoma
   • Neoplastic - Lymphoma
   • Neoplastic - Other

   Platform:

   Analyte	Technology Platform
   Protein	Immunohistochemistry

   Pre-analytical Factors:

   Classification	Pre-analytical Factor	Value(s)
   Analyte Extraction and Purification	Antigen retrieval	None Heat induced
   Immunohistochemistry Specific	Targeted peptide/protein	EMA IMP3 GLUT-1 CEA Ber-EP4 MOC-31 Leu-M1 Calretinin D2-40 HBME-1 WT-1 C5/6 Desmin TTF-1 CA125 CK7 CK20
   Preaquisition	Diagnosis/ patient condition	Reactive mesothelioma Diffuse malignant mesothelioma Adenocarcinoma
   Biospecimen Preservation	Type of fixation/preservation	Ethanol Formalin (buffered)

   View more