Postmortem recovery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from plasma and mononuclear cells. Implications for occupational exposure.

Author(s): Bankowski MJ, Landay AL, Staes B, Shuburg R, Kritzler M, Hajakian V, Kessler H

Publication: Arch Pathol Lab Med, 1992, Vol. 116, Page 1124-7

PubMed ID: 1444740 PubMed Review Paper? No

Purpose of Paper

Conclusion of Paper

Studies

1. Study Purpose

   The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of PMI and temperature, MNC recovery and viability and time of inoculation on the detection of HIV antigen in plasma and MNC culture. Plasma was frozen for direct analysis or processed immediately for culture.

   Summary of Findings:

   HIV antigen was detected in the plasma and/or MNC of 21 of the 41 postmortem HIV+ patients. The mean PMI of specimens in which HIV was detected was 5.25 h (range 0.5-21.25 h), however, the mean PMI of specimens in which HIV was not detected was 25 h (range 3.5-171 h) (p=0.002). In the 3 cadavers from which blood was sampled twice, two were positive at the early collection but not the later collection, and the third was negative at both collections. Detection of HIV occurred more often in MNCs than plasma (18 versus 9 of 21). 19 of 39 cultures with an MNC viability of >90% were HIV negative, indicating MNC viability was not a major factor in HIV detection. While the authors report no correlation between the ability to detect HIV in MNC culture and the number of MNCs obtained from the cadaver, the efficiency of MNC recovery was dependent on PMI (p<0.009). The authors report the time between blood collection and culture inoculation did not significantly affect virus detection, but no details were reported. Body storage temperature (refrigerated or ambient) did not significantly affect HIV detection.

   Biospecimens

   • Bodily Fluid - Blood
   • Cell - Blood
   • Bodily Fluid - Plasma

   Preservative Types

   • Frozen
   • None (Fresh)

   Diagnoses:

   • AIDS/HIV-related
   • Autopsy

   Platform:

   Analyte	Technology Platform
   Protein	Immunoassay

   Pre-analytical Factors:

   Classification	Pre-analytical Factor	Value(s)
   Preaquisition	Postmortem interval	0.5-171 h
   Biospecimen Aliquots and Components	Blood and blood products	Plasma Mononuclear cells
   Biospecimen Preservation	Type of fixation/preservation	Frozen None (fresh)
   Storage	Storage temperature	Refrigerated Ambient temperature
   Preaquisition	Postmortem condition(s)	Refrigerated Ambient temperature

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