Red blood cell in vitro quality and function is maintained after S-303 pathogen inactivation treatment.
Author(s): Winter KM, Johnson L, Kwok M, Vidovic D, Hyland RA, Mufti N, Erickson A, Marks DC
Publication: Transfusion, 2014, Vol. 54, Page 1798-807
PubMed ID: 24617658 PubMed Review Paper? No
Purpose of Paper
The purpose of this paper was to determine the effects of pathogen inactivation using S-303 and room temperature and refrigerated storage of red blood cells (RBCs) on markers of RBC quality.
Conclusion of Paper
For at least one timepoint, S-303-treated RBCs had significantly lower hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, total protein content, RBC count, osmotic fragility, partial pressure carbon dioxide (PCO2), potassium, glycolytic flux, pH, bicarbonate, lactate production and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and significantly higher sodium, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), partial pressure oxygen (PO2) and annexin V binding than untreated specimens that were immediately refrigerated or stored at room temperature first for 18-20 h. Glucose consumption rates were lower in S-303-treated and untreated RBCs stored at room temperature than in control units that were immediately stored at 2-6°C. Untreated room temperature incubated RBCs had lower 2,3-DPG than immediately refrigerated RBCs. Mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of dihexadecanoylglycero-phosphoethanolamine (DHPE), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), RBC distribution width (RDW) and hemolysis were not affected by S-303 treatment or room temperature storage. Glutathione (GSH) decreased during storage of S-303-treated RBCs, but was undetectable in untreated, immediately refrigerated or room temperature incubated RBCs at all time points. During storage of RBCs, pH, ATP, 2,3-DPG and MFI of DHPE decreased, and hemolysis, lactate, pCO2 and glycolytic flux increased. On day 42 of storage, RBCs displayed decreased side scatter, but forward scatter, expression of CD47, annexin V, and glycophorin A were not affected by storage.
Studies
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Study Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of room temperature storage of RBCs, with or without S-303 treatment on markers of RBC quality during subsequent refrigerated storage. Citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) whole blood from 3 donors was stored at 20°C for 12:01 ± 2:37 h:min before separation of RBCs by centrifugation. RBCs were leukoreduced and stored in saline, adenine, glucose and manitol (SAGM) at 2-6°C. On day 1, the three RBC units were warmed to room temperature for 30 min, pooled and split into 3 aliquots. One aliquot was subjected to pathogen reduction using S-303 which involved storage at room temperature for 18-20 h, one was left untreated but still stored at room temperature for 18-20 h, and the third was untreated and immediately placed at 2-6°C. RBC supernatants were frozen before analysis of glucose, lactate, protein and GSH.
Summary of Findings:
For at least one timepoint during the 42 days of refrigerated storage, S-303-treated RBCs had significantly lower Hb, hematocrit, total protein content, RBC count, osmotic fragility, PCO2, potassium, glycolytic flux, pH, bicarbonate, lactate production and 2,3-DPG, and significantly higher sodium, ATP, PO2 and annexin V binding than in untreated, immediately refrigerated or room temperature-incubated RBCs. Glucose consumption rates were lower in S-303-treated and untreated, room temperature-incubated RBCs than in untreated, immediately refrigerated units. Untreated, room temperature-incubated RBCs had lower 2,3-DPG than untreated, immediately refrigerated RBCs. MFI of DHPE, MCV, RDW and hemolysis were not affected by S-303 treatment. GSH decreased during storage of S-303-treated RBCs, but was undetectable in untreated, immediately refrigerated or room temperature-incubated RBCs at all time points. During refrigerated storage, pH, ATP, 2,3-DPG and MFI of DHPE decreased, and hemolysis, lactate, pCO2 and glycolytic flux increased. On day 42, RBCs displayed decreased side scatter, but forward scatter, expression of CD47, annexin V, and glycophorin A were not affected by refrigerated storage of RBCs, regardless of S-303 treatment or storage at room temperature for 18-20 h before refrigeration.
Biospecimens
Preservative Types
- Other Preservative
Diagnoses:
- Normal
Platform:
Analyte Technology Platform Cell count/volume Hematology/ auto analyzer Cell count/volume Flow cytometry Gas Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer Protein Spectrophotometry Morphology Flow cytometry Electrolyte/Metal Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer Small molecule HPLC Small molecule Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer Carbohydrate Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer Pre-analytical Factors:
Classification Pre-analytical Factor Value(s) Storage Storage duration 2 days
7 days
14 days
21 days
28 days
35 days
42 days
Storage Storage temperature 2-8°C
Room temperature
Biospecimen Aliquots and Components Blood processing method S-303 treated
Untreated
Storage Time at room temperature 30 min
18-20 h