Urinary cytokines during intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for superficial bladder cancer: processing, stability and prognostic value.
Author(s): de Reijke TM, de Boer EC, Kurth KH, Schamhart DH
Publication: J Urol, 1996, Vol. 155, Page 477-82
PubMed ID: 8558640 PubMed Review Paper? No
Suggested by: ISBER
Purpose of Paper
The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the stability of cytokines in urine specimens from patients with bladder cancer.
Conclusion of Paper
At 4 or 20 degrees C, interleukin (IL) 2, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were stable for up to 24 h, but tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) were unstable. At 37 degrees C none of the cytokines were found to be stable. Centrifugation of the urine to remove leukocytes caused non-significant increases in TNF-alpha levels and decreases in IL-1 beta levels.
Studies
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Study Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of storage temperature, duration and conditions on the stability of cytokines in urine specimens from patients with bladder cancer.
Summary of Findings:
IFN-gamma was found to be highly unstable and was only detected in urine specimens which were dialyzed immediately after collection. In these specimens, IFN-gamma levels correlated highly with the cytokines and TNF-alpha. At 4 or 20 degrees C, IL-2, IL-1beta, and IL-6 were stable for up to 24 h. In contrast, TNF-alpha levels rapidly declined with storage such that after 24 h at 4 degrees C, only 14% of the initial value remained and after 24 h at 20 degrees C, only 1% remained. After 2 h at 37 degrees C, 1% of TNF-alpha, 67% of IL-2, 87% of IL-6, and 102% of IL-1 beta remained. Centrifugation of the urine to remove leukocytes did not affect IL-2 or IL-6 concentrations, but non-significant decreases in IL-1 beta levels in centrifuged specimens and increases in TNF-alpha levels were observed.
Biospecimens
Preservative Types
- Frozen
Diagnoses:
- Neoplastic - Carcinoma
Platform:
Analyte Technology Platform Protein ELISA Pre-analytical Factors:
Classification Pre-analytical Factor Value(s) Storage Storage temperature 4 degrees C
20 degrees C
37 degrees C
Storage Storage duration 0.5 h
2 h
6 h
12 h
24 h
Storage Storage conditions Urine centrifuged for 5 min at 300 x G
Uncentrifuged urine
ELISA Specific Targeted peptide/protein Interleukin 1 beta
Interleukin 2
Interleukin 6
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Interferon gamma