Factors contributing to intra-individual variation of serum constituents: 4. Effects of posture and tourniquet application on variation of serum constituents in healthy subjects.

Author(s): Statland BE, Bokelund H, Winkel P

Publication: Clin Chem, 1974, Vol. 20, Page 1513-9

PubMed ID: 4430128 PubMed Review Paper? No

Purpose of Paper

Conclusion of Paper

Studies

1. Study Purpose

   The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of patient posture, tourniquet application for 3 minutes versus 15-30 seconds, and alternating arms during blood collection on 18 clinical chemistry analytes in serum. For the posture experiment, an initial specimen was drawn after subjects had remained seated for 60 min. A second specimen was drawn either after a. an additional 30 min of sitting, b. being supine for 30 min, c. standing and walking for 30 min, or d. standing for 15 min followed by sitting for 15 min. To calculate statistical significance, the ratios of the 1st and 2nd collections for scenarios a, b, and c were subtracted from the ratios for scenario d. Serum was separated and stored at -20 degrees C for less than 16 days.

   Summary of Findings:

   Standing for 30 min led to significant increases in serum phosphate, total protein, total lipids, albumin, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase. Lying supine for 30 min led to significant decreases in potassium, calcium, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, and acid phosphatase, while sitting led to a significant decrease in only aspartate aminotransferase. None of the 18 analytes were significantly different when 2 venipunctures were performed on the same arm as oppose to opposite arms. A 3 minute tourniquet application, as opposed to 15-30 seconds, resulted in significant increases in total protein, iron, total lipids, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, and bilirubin and a significant decrease in serum potassium.

   Biospecimens

   • Bodily Fluid - Serum
   • Bodily Fluid - Blood

   Preservative Types

   • Frozen

   Diagnoses:

   • Normal

   Platform:

   Analyte	Technology Platform
   Electrolyte/Metal	Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer
   Small molecule	Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer
   Protein	Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer
   Lipid	Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer
   Steroid	Clinical chemistry/auto analyzer

   Pre-analytical Factors:

   Classification	Pre-analytical Factor	Value(s)
   Biospecimen Acquisition	Method of fluid acquisition	Tourniquet times compared
   Biospecimen Aliquots and Components	Aliquot sequential collection	1st collection 2nd collection
   Biospecimen Acquisition	Patient posture	Sitting Standing Supine
   Biospecimen Acquisition	Anatomical location of blood draw	Arm Left and right sides compared More than one site

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