Saliva as a promising biofluid for SARS-CoV-2 detection during the early stages of infection.
Author(s): López-Martínez B, Guzmán-Ortiz AL, Nevárez-Ramírez AJ, Parra-Ortega I, Olivar-López VB, Ángeles-Floriano T, Vilchis-Ordoñez A, Quezada H
Publication: Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex, 2020, Vol. 77, Page 228-233
PubMed ID: 33064678 PubMed Review Paper? No
Purpose of Paper
This paper compared detection of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID, COVID-19, COVID19), in self-collected saliva specimens over the course of hospitalization of two adolescents. SARS-CoV-2 detection was also compared among specimens from two adults stored at 4°C, -30°C, or at room temperature for up to 48 h and between specimens collected before and 15 min after eating and brushing teeth.
Conclusion of Paper
SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in adult saliva was not affected by storage at 4°C, -30°C, or room temperature for up to 48 h or and was similar in specimens collected before and after eating and brushing teeth. Saliva from adolescents was positive for SARS-CoV-2 for only the first day of hospitalization for one participant and for up to six days for the other participant.
Studies
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Study Purpose
This study compared detection of SARS-CoV-2 in self-collected saliva specimens over the course of hospitalization of two adolescents. SARS-COV-2 detected was also compared in specimens from two adults stored at 4°C, -30°C, or at room temperature for up to 48 h and between specimens collected before and 15 min after eating and brushing teeth. Saliva was self-collected by four hospitalized participants (2 adults, 2 adolescents) with previous SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal specimens by gently spitting approximately 2 mL of saliva into sterile 50 mL centrifuge plastic tubes. Specimens from adults were analyzed immediately or stored at 4°C, -30°C, or at room temperature for 24 or 48 h. Specimens collected from the two adolescents were collected periodically during hospitalization (5 and 12 days, respectively). One adult participant collected specimens at-home twice a day for four consecutive days (first in the morning and then 15 min after brushing teeth, having breakfast, and brushing teeth again) which were stored at 4°C until transported to the laboratory. RNA was extracted from all specimens with the spin column-based RNAv-090 from BioPure Kit and SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR using the GeneFinder COVID-19 PLUS RealAmp Kit.
Summary of Findings:
Saliva specimens collected from the adult participants were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, regardless of storage temperature or duration. For adolescents, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the saliva from one participant only the first of five days of hospitalization while SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the saliva from the second participant for the first 6 of 12 days of hospitalization. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva was not affected by eating and brushing teeth prior to collection.
Biospecimens
Preservative Types
- None (Fresh)
Diagnoses:
- Pneumonia/Respiratory Infection
Platform:
Analyte Technology Platform RNA Real-time qRT-PCR Pre-analytical Factors:
Classification Pre-analytical Factor Value(s) Biospecimen Acquisition Time of biospecimen collection First in the morning
15 min after brushing teeth, having breakfast, and brushing teeth again
Over course of 12 days of hospitalization
Real-time qRT-PCR Specific Targeted nucleic acid SARS-CoV-2
Storage Time at room temperature 0 h
24 h
48 h
Storage Storage temperature 4°C
-30°C
Room temperature