Effect of shipment, storage, anticoagulant, and cell separation on lymphocyte proliferation assays for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.

Author(s): Weinberg A, Betensky RA, Zhang L, Ray G

Publication: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 1998, Vol. 5, Page 804-7

PubMed ID: 9801338 PubMed Review Paper? No

Purpose of Paper

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effects of anticoagulant, cell separation, transportation, storage and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status on lymphocyte proliferation in response to 4 viral stimuli.

Conclusion of Paper

HIV positive specimens were more likely to undergo lymphocyte proliferation in response to stimulation independent of antigen used. A positive lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA) result occurred 51% of the time when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were used versus 17% of the time when whole blood was used, regardless of anticoagulant or overnight transportation. Further, the odds of a positive LPA result were higher from fresh specimens than from those shipped overnight. The use of heparin or citrate as anticoagulants increased the odds of positive LPA results compared to use of acid citrate dextrose (ACD). Furthermore, for 3 of 4 antigens, use of citrate tubes increased the odds of positive LPA results when compared with heparin in uninfected controls. For HIV infected patients, heparin and citrate performed similarly. The authors conclude that specimens should be collected in heparin or ACD tubes and separated on site for LPAs.

Studies

Study Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of anticoagulant, cell separation, transportation, cryopreservation and HIV status on lymphocyte proliferation in response to 4 viral stimuli.

Summary of Findings:

HIV positive specimens were more likely to undergo lymphocyte proliferation in response to stimulation independent of antigen used. A positive LPA result occurred 51% of the time when PBMC were used versus 17% of the time when whole blood was used, regardless of anticoagulant or overnight transportation. Further, the odds of a positive LPA result were higher from fresh specimens than from those shipped overnight. The use of heparin or citrate as anticoagulants increased the odds of positive LPA results compared to use of ACD. Furthermore, for 3 of 4 antigens, use of citrate tubes increased the odds of positive LPA results when compared with heparin in uninfected controls. For HIV infected patients, heparin and citrate performed similarly. The authors conclude that specimens should be collected in heparin or ACD tubes and separated on site for LPAs.

Biospecimens

Preservative Types

None (Fresh)
Frozen

Diagnoses:

AIDS/HIV-related
Normal

Platform:

Analyte	Technology Platform
Cell count/volume	Radioassay

Pre-analytical Factors:

Classification	Pre-analytical Factor	Value(s)
Biospecimen Preservation	Type of fixation/preservation	Frozen None (fresh)
Biospecimen Aliquots and Components	Blood and blood products	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells Whole blood
Biospecimen Acquisition	Anticoagulant	Acid-citrate-dextrose Heparin Citrate
Preaquisition	Diagnosis/ patient condition	Previous tetanus vaccine VZV positive CMV unknown CMV positive HIV negative HIV positive
Radioassay Specific	Antigen	Cytomegalovirus Varicella-zoster virus Candida Tetanus Toxoid antigens Phytohemagglutinin
Storage	Between site transportation method	Mailed Not transported

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